【PT】配置主机名代替IP地址

拓扑图:
file
R1静态路由表:
192.168.3.0/24 via 192.168.1.2
DNS Server解析记录:
file

可以配置主机名来代替IP地址,即添加主机记录,相当于静态DNS,如下所示:

R1(config)#ip host R2 192.168.1.2

现在如果想ping 192.168.1.2就可以用ping R2来代替了。

R1#ping R2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/0 ms
//可以看到执行ping R2命令时,会将R2解析成192.168.1.2

除了在本地进行解析外,还可以指定DNS服务器地址:

R1(config)#ip domain-lookup //开启DNS解析
R1(config)#ip name-server 192.168.3.254 //配置DNS服务器地址
R1(config)#end
R1#ping abc
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 0/0/1 ms
通过DNS服务器(192.168.3.254)将abc解析成192.168.1.2

可以通过show hosts命令来查看主机记录:

R1#show hosts //查看主机记录
Default Domain is not set //没有设置默认域名,可以通过命令ip domain-name命令配置
Name/address lookup uses domain service //使用域名解析
Name servers are 192.168.3.254 //DNS服务器IP地址

Codes: UN - unknown, EX - expired, OK - OK, ?? - revalidate
       temp - temporary, perm - permanent
       NA - Not Applicable None - Not defined

Host                      Port  Flags      Age Type   Address(es)
R2                        None  (perm, OK)  0   IP      192.168.1.2
abc                       None  (temp, OK)  0   IP      192.168.1.2
//以上两条主机记录,一条通过静态配置,显示为perm;一条通过DNS服务器解析生成,显示为temp